Jacket heater for internal-combustion engines



Oct. 21., 1924. 7 1,512,517

f J. ASTROM JACKET HEATER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 27, 1922 2 shun-snow. 1

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Oct. 21 1924. 1.512%

" J. ASTROM v JACm ma FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 27, 1922 2 Snow-Shut 2 sorbs a part of the heat Patented Oct. 21 1924.

TAJTES PATENT omen.

JOHN As'rnom; or roar WAYNE, INDIANA.

Jacxn'rf HEATER FOR mrrnnnan-oounus'rron rmcmms.v

' Ajpplication ll led January 27, 1922. serial No. 532,151.

T 0 all u-ho m it may concern: a v

Be it known that I, JoHx As'rnom, a citi- ,zen of the Unitedstates, and resident of Fort Wayne, in the county of Allen and State of Indiana, have invented certainneiv anduseful Improvements in Jacket Heaters in passing therethroughr The cooled water descends to the bottom of the radiator and from there, through another tubular connection, reenters the cylinder jacket at a low point and is again heated by the engine. A constant circulation of the cooling water is thus maintained either by the ,nerated heat alone, or assistedtby' a circulat ng pump driven by the engine. I

Such a cooling system has the disadvantage that in freezing temperature, the jacket water, when the engine is not in operation, cools down and freezes unless its freezing point is lowered by the addition of alcohol or-other liquid of similar pro erties. The

- maintenance of a proper antireezing mixture requires constant attention.

, quires considera If an engine is allowed to cool oil to a low temperature, the oil becomes thick and To start an en 'ne, in that condition, rele ower, and if the starting is done by an electric motor run'from batteries, as is usual, these are severely taxed and liable to run down. In order to start a cool engine, a mixture of as rich in gasoline or fuel must be used. me of the'fuel will condense in contact with the cool metal in cylinder walls and heads and often short the lubricationpoor, causing excess friction.

circuits the spark plugs or passes'by the contracted. pistons into the crankcase, where it mixes Wlth the lubricating'oil, which is ve undesirable.1m -th e water 000 stem of e prior art is, also, very dwvantageous in that plication of the when the wateror' cooling medium is allowed to become 'very'cold,it"takes a long time for the engine to warm it upto a point at which'the engine will run nor mally and'ec0nomically, L

Also, when a cool engine is started, the

intense heat suddenly produced by the exploding gas, heats up only the exposed parts of the metal, while the more removed parts are still cool, causing uneven expansion and internal stresses in the metal, loosening up' i of joints, and, in general, contributing to the'deterioration of the engine,

I '-'I hese well recognized troubles can be avoided only by maintaining the engine at a reasonably high temperature-at which the engine will start up easil and the cooling water 'will not.freeze. T e purpose ofmy invention is to accomplish this object in "a simple, economical manner, by introducing an electrical heating unit into the cooling" water stem at a convenient point, thereby convertlng "the cooling system into a hot water heating system, which maintains a desired temperature of the jacket water and A thereby ofthe engine itselfs The 'jacket heater comprises 'a casting adapted to be received into a water tube, a heating unit, and a pocket member threaded in'the casting for securing the heating unit in o'sition to act on the water. Ob-

v jects int e construction of the jacket heater are the making of'a structure, -the parts of which may be readily assembled, which may be put in place conveniently,which will be secure and not subject to damage by vibration, and theparts'of which easy to manufacture.

With. the above and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, my invention resides in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafter described and more particularly defined by the appended claim, it'being understood that such changes in the precise embodiment'of the herein disclosed invention may bemade as come within the scope of. the claim;

In the accompanying drawing, Ihave illustre-ted one comp ete example of the physi'cal embodiment of the presentinvention. constructed according to the best mode I have so far devised for the practical a principles thereof, and 1n which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the engine are simple and a The heatlng unit is with the jacket heater in position, the tube being partly in section.

Figure 2 is a central, vertical section of a jacket heater taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 4.

*igure 3 is a central, a modificationof jacket heater.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the jacket heater shown in Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a side elevation similar to Figure 1, showing a modified formof jacket heater in place.

Figure 6 is a central, vertical section of this type of heater taken on the line6-'6 of Figure 7. a

Figure 7 is a plan thereof, and

Figure 8 is a horizontal crosssection of an alternative form of jacket heater position. I

Referring to the accompanying drawing, Fi ure .2 shows a convenient form of a jac et heater according to my invention. Into a cylindrical body 1 having two tubular extensions 2, a cap3 on pocket member 3 is secured in watertight connection by means of the thread 4 and flange 5, above which is a hexagonal extension 5 adapted to be gripped with a wrench. The pocket v6 has the form of a cylindrical hole into which an electric heating unit 7, also of cylindrical form, is snugly, but removably, fitted.

of the common cartridge type and has wire connections 8 for connecting same to the available electric circuit in the customary manner. Extensions 2 are carried b tube 9 supported on radiator outlet 9' an tube 9" supported on casting 9.

Figure 1 showsan engine of conventional design having a crank case 10 with oil pan 11, water-jac eted cylinders 12 cast en bloc and cylinder head 13 forming a water-jacket over the cylinders and communicating with the cylinder jacket. The cylinder head 13 is in communication with a radiator 14 through a tube 15 and the radiator 1a is in communication with the cylinder acket 12 through a tube 9 into which the jacket heater, Figure 1, is fitted as shown.

The operation of the jacket heater is as follows:

Upon connecting the wires 8 with the power circuit, the heat generated by the heating unit 7 is transmittedthrough the walls of the .pocketmember 3 to the surrounding water which thereby is put into circulation, the heated Water seeking a passage to the highest point orv into the cylinder 'acket and from there into .the cylinder hea jacket 13, through the tube 15 into the radiator 14, as indicated by the arrowmarks.

As the heated water ascends, cold water is drawn from the radiator into tube 9, completing the circuit. The heating of the vertical section of pocket, a

jacket water and the engine goes on until a point is reached at which the radiation from the engine equals the amount of heat supplied by the jacket heater and the temperature at which this point is reached depends upon the temperature of the surrounding air and upon the capacity of the heating unit which can be regulated to obtain any desired degree'o'f heat.

Figure 3 shows the heater as arranged to utilize a direct immersion heating unit and therefore has the pocket member 3 omitted, the heating unit instead being secured to threaded part thereof. M It is not necessary to apply the jacket heaterto the tube 9, but where convenience dictates, a different arrangement may be made.

In Figures 5, 6, and 7, an alternative form of jacket heater is shown, provided with extensions 30 and 31.'a well member 32 integral therewith, a nipple 33, cap 34:, and pocket member 35. Ears 36 are provided on extension 31 adapted to be secured to the engine by bolts 37 In this form, the pocket member 35 may, also, be omitted. Extension 30 is received in tube 38, as shown in Figure 5.

Inthemodificeition shown in Figure 8, V

heating unit 39 is positioned in pocket member 40 integral-with cap 11, which is applied directly to the cylinder jacket casting threaded for its reception. In this modification, obviously, the water contacting with pocket member 40 is heated and rises, cold water taking its place, a general heating action resulting.

As above remarked, the various methods of application of heat referred to, are capable of diverse modifications. It is pointed out that the shape and design of the heating unit may be considerably varied by one skilled in the art.

I claim A water heater adapted for-insertion in the cooling system of an internal combustion engine. said heater comprising a tubular body portion having inlet and outlet members adapted for connection to such cooling. system, a pocket formed onone side of said body portion, a threaded aperture on theother side thereof aligning with said I tubular plug having a threaded portion adapted to cooperate with said threaded aperture and having a portion proecting transversely of said body portion and I have hereunto set my hand at Fort Wayne,

and State of Indiana.

in the county of Allen 7 y JOHN ASTROM. 

